Pens

The four families

Fountain pens

Water-based ink flows through a split metal nib, so you barely need to press. Many people find them the most comfortable pen for long writing sessions. Nibs are graded extra fine (EF), fine (F), medium (M) and broad (B); Japanese-made nibs often run a size finer than European ones. Our fountain pen guide goes into detail.

Gel pens

Thick, pigment-rich ink that gives bold, smooth lines and comes in a huge range of colours. Tips are measured in millimetres: 0.38mm and 0.5mm for small, neat notes; 0.7mm and above for a bolder line. Left-handers may prefer quick-drying formulas.

Brush pens

A flexible fibre or bristle tip that makes thin upstrokes and thick downstrokes, the basis of modern brush lettering. Firm, small tips are easier for beginners; large, soft tips give more dramatic contrast.

Fineliners

Fibre-tipped pens with a consistent line, useful for drawing, diagrams, colour-coded notes and bullet journal layouts. Pigment inks are generally more resistant to water and fading, which matters if you'll paint over your linework.